Genetic Engineering

Genetic engineering involves removing a gene from one organism and placing it into another. For instance, some bacteria have a circular ring of DNA called "plasmid". This plasmid is not necessary for their survival. Scientists can remove the plasmid using genetic engineering technique, cut the plasmid, insert a human gene for insulin into the plasmid and return the plasmid back into the bacteria. Now that the bacteria has the gene for human insulin. It can make insulin. Additionally, every time the bacteria divides, it passes the new gene to its offspring. This organism is can also be modified to produce growth hormone. In agriculture, plants are engineered to resist frost. In sanitation, bacteria are engineered to break down waste.

1. List three ways that we benefit from genetic engineering
2. What are transgenic organisms?
3. What is the purpose of inserting a human gene into bacteria?

To check your understanding, click on this link and answer problem # 12

GENETIC ENGINEERING

CHECK THIS ANIMATION. Genetic Engineering